Endoscopic Discectomy

What the procedure is

Endoscopic discectomy removes herniated disc material through a working channel endoscope inserted via a small skin incision, allowing the surgeon to visualise and treat the disc herniation with minimal disruption to surrounding tissue.

Why it is performed

It relieves nerve compression from a herniated disc through a smaller access route than conventional microdiscectomy, in appropriately selected cases.

Who may benefit

• Patients with a well-localised disc herniation suitable for an endoscopic approach
• Patients seeking a minimally invasive option for a straightforward single-level herniation

When it may not be appropriate

• Highly migrated or calcified disc fragments in some cases, depending on surgeon experience and equipment
• Cases requiring wider decompression, such as significant central stenosis
• Cases better suited to open or microscopic techniques based on individual anatomy

Alternatives

• Microdiscectomy
• Continued conservative treatment

How it is performed

A working channel is placed through a small skin incision under imaging guidance, and specialised endoscopic instruments are used to remove the herniated disc fragment and decompress the nerve while the surgeon views the procedure on a monitor.

Anaesthesia: General or regional anaesthesia, depending on technique and case  ·  Typical duration: Approximately 45–75 minutes  ·  Typical hospital stay: 1–2 nights, and same-day discharge in select cases

Recovery

Many patients mobilise within hours of surgery. A typical course: day 0–1, walking short distances and managing the small wound; week 1, light daily activity and short walks, avoiding bending or lifting; week 2, wound check, often cleared for desk work; weeks 3–6, gradual return to normal activity and driving, guided by physiotherapy; week 6 onward, most patients are back to non-strenuous work and regular activity, with heavier physical work discussed case-by-case with the surgeon.

Physiotherapy

Early gentle mobilisation followed by a structured core and postural programme once the wound has settled.

Risks and complications

• Recurrent disc herniation
• Nerve irritation
• Incomplete decompression requiring conversion to a different technique
• Infection

Expected follow-up

Wound check at 2 weeks with clinical review at 6 weeks.

Indicative cost

Indicative cost: ₹2.5 – 4.5 lakh. This is not a quotation — see the full cost page for what's included and excluded.

What affects the cost

• Complexity and location of the herniation
• Equipment and endoscope-related costs
• Surgeon experience with the technique

Questions to ask

• Am I a suitable candidate for this specific procedure, or would an alternative be better for my case?
• What is your experience with this procedure?
• What does the quoted cost include and exclude?

Frequently asked questions