An MRI report typically starts with the technique used, followed by findings at each spinal level, and ends with an impression that summarises the most significant findings.
Terms like "disc bulge" and "disc herniation" are not interchangeable — a bulge is a broader, more diffuse extension of the disc, while a herniation is a more focal displacement of disc material, and the distinction matters for how a case is managed.
Words like "degenerative changes" or "mild disc desiccation" are extremely common findings, especially with age, and are not automatically a cause of pain — many people without any back pain have similar findings on MRI.
The most clinically important part of a report is usually whether a finding correlates with your actual symptoms — for example, whether a disc herniation is on the same side and at the same level as your leg pain. This is why an MRI report is best interpreted together with a specialist who also has your clinical history, not read in isolation.
Considering this for your case?
Send your MRI or CT for a specialist opinion before deciding on treatment.
Medical disclaimer
This article is for educational purposes and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.